Types of trees in the data structure.

 


The trees in the data structure demonstrate the relationship between nodes with the parent-child hierarchy. That is why trees in the datastructure are also called hierarchic data structures.  Trees are one of the most popular and easiest ways to simplify the problems and do searching and sorting very fast. Trees are considered as one of the most advanced and strongest data structures. A tree in the data structure is the representation of a non-linear data structure. Arrays, classes, and connected lists can be implemented using trees. Trees are a combination of different nodes. Each node is attached to the edges to describe the relationship. 

What are trees?

A tree is a type of non-linear data structure that stores the information in a hierarchical form. The trees in data structures are one of the mature and most efficient. Trees are represented in the form of nodes attached to edges. 

 Properties of trees:

 l  Every tree has a specific root node. A root node can cross each node of the trees.

l  Every child has only one parent. A parent node can have many children. 


 Types of trees in Data Structure: 

 There are many types of trees in Data Structures. Let’s have a look. 

General Tree:

 A tree is called a general tree if on the tree’s hierarchy no constraint is present. In a general tree, each node can have an infinite number of children. This tree is the super-set of all other trees.  

Binary tree: 

A binary tree is that kind of tree in which each parent node can have a maximum of two children. The children are known as the left child and right child. Binary trees are the most popular trees in the data structure. After applying certain constraints and characteristics in a binary tree, you can also use other trees like AVL trees, RBL tree, BST (Binary search tree), etc. 

Binary Search Tree

Binary Search Tree (BST) is an extension of a binary tree with several optional restrictions. The value of the left child node in a binary search tree should be smaller than or equal to the value of the parent node. In the same way, the value of the right child node should be greater than or equal to the value of the parent node. This property of the Binary Search tree makes it an ideal choice for search operations. In this way, we can accurately determine the value of each node. That is why the binary search tree is named. 

AVL tree

AVL tree is a type of binary search tree that is self-balancing. In an AVL tree, a balancing factor is allocated for each node, which is based on the factor of whether the tree is balanced or not. In an AVL tree, the correct balance factor is 1, 0, and -1. If the tree has a new node, it will be rotated to ensure the node is balanced. Operations such as insertion, deletion, searching take O(log n) time in the AVL tree. AVL tree is mostly used in Lookups operations.

Advantage of tree in Data Structure:

l  A tree reflects the connections of data structure

l  Trees in Data Structure are used for hierarchy. 

l  Trees offer smooth and efficient insertion, deletion, and search processes. 

l  Trees in the data structure are flexible. They allow sub trees to be relocated with minimal effects. 


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